麻豆AV

Designing Risk鈥怉djusted Therapy for Patients with Hypertension

础耻迟丑辞谤蝉:听Manaf Zargoush, Mehmet Gumus, Vedat Verter,听Stella S. Daskalopoulou

Publication: Production and Operations Management, Forthcoming

Abstract:

Limited guidance is available for providing patient鈥恠pecific care to hypertensive patients, although this chronic condition is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. To address this issue, we develop an analytical model that takes into account the most relevant risk factors including age, sex, blood pressure, diabetes status, smoking habits, and blood cholesterol. Using the Markov Decision Process framework, we develop a model to maximize expected quality鈥恆djusted life years, as well as characterize the optimal sequence and combination of antihypertensive medications. Assuming the physician uses the standard medication dose for each drug, and the patient fully adheres to the prescribed treatment regimen, we prove that optimal treatment policies exhibit a threshold structure. Our findings indicate that our recommended thresholds vary by age and other patient characteristics, for example (1) the optimal thresholds for all medication prescription are nonincreasing in age, and (2) the medications need to be prescribed at lower thresholds for males who smoke than for males who have diabetes. The improvements in quality鈥恆djusted life years associated with our model compare favorably with those obtained by following the British Hypertension Society's guideline, and the gains increase with the severity of risk factors. For instance, in both genders (although at different rates), diabetic patients gain more than non鈥恉iabetic patients. Our sensitivity analysis results indicate that the optimal thresholds decrease if the medications have lower side鈥恊ffects and vice versa.

Quality at the Source or at the End? Managing Supplier Quality Under Information Asymmetry

础耻迟丑辞谤蝉:听Mohammad E. Nikoofal, Mehmet Gumus

Publication: Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, Vol. 20, No. 3, Summer 2018

Abstract:

Supply Diagnostic Incentives under Endogenous Information Asymmetry

础耻迟丑辞谤蝉:听Mohammad E. Nikoofal,听Mehmet Gumus

Publication: Production and Operations Management, Forthcoming

Abstract:

This paper develops a dyadic supply chain model with one buyer who contracts the manufacturing of a new product to a supplier. Due to the lack of experience in manufacturing, the extent of supply risk is unknown to both the buyer and supplier before the time of contract. However, after the contract is accepted, the supplier may invest in a diagnostic test to acquire information about his true reliability, and use this information when deciding on a process improvement effort. Using this setting, we identify both operational and strategic benefits and costs of diagnostic test. Operationally, it helps the supplier to take the first-best level of improvement effort, which would increase efficiency of the total supply chain. Strategically, it enables the buyer to reduce the agency costs associated with implementing process improvement on the supplier. Besides these benefits, diagnostic test increases the degree of information asymmetry along the supply chain. This in turn provides the supplier with proprietary information, whose rent would be demanded from the buyer in equilibrium. Benefit-cost analysis reveals two key factors in determining the value of diagnostic test: (i) degree of endogenous information asymmetry between supply chain firms, and (ii) the relative cost of diagnostic test with respect to process improvement cost. Our results indicate that when both are high, the mere presence of diagnostic test can result in less reliable supply chain. This implies that when incentives are not properly aligned, information asymmetry amplified due to diagnostic test neutralizes all its benefits.

Determinants of Climate Change Mitigation Technology Portfolio: An Empirical Study of Major U.S. Firms

础耻迟丑辞谤蝉:听Derek D. Wang, Shanling Li, Toshiyuki Sueyoshi

Publication: Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 196, September 2018

Abstract:

Oversight and Efficiency in Public Projects: A Regression Discontinuity Analysis

Authors: Eduard Calvo, Ruomeng Cui and Juan Camilo Serpa

Publication: Management Science, Volume 65, Issue 12, December 2019, Pages 5651-5675.

Abstract:

In the U.S., four in ten public infrastructure projects report delays or cost overruns. To tackle this problem, regulators often scrutinize the project contractor鈥檚 operations. We investigate the causal effect of government oversight on project efficiency by gleaning 262,857 projects that span seventy-one U.S. federal agencies and 54,739 contractors. Our identification strategy exploits a regulatory bylaw: if a project鈥檚 anticipated budget exceeds a threshold value, the contractor鈥檚 operations are subject to surveillance from independent procurement officers; otherwise, these operational checks are waived. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that oversight is obstructive to the project鈥檚 operations, especially when the contractor (i) has no prior experience in public projects, (ii) is paid with a fixed-price contract that includes performance-based incentives, and (iii) performs a labor-intensive task. In contrast, oversight is least obstructive 鈥� or beneficial 鈥� when the contractor (i) is experienced, (ii) is paid with a time-and-materials contract, and (iii) performs a machine-intensive task.

Supply Chain Proximity and Product Quality

Authors: Robert Bray, Juan Camilo Serpa and Ahmet Colak

Publication: Management Science, Volume 65, Issue 9, September 2019, Pages 4079-4099.

Abstract:

We explore the effect of supply chain proximity on product quality by merging four independent data sources from the automotive industry, collecting: (i) auto component defect rates, (ii) upstream component factory locations, (iii) downstream assembly plant locations, and (iv) product-level links connecting the upstream and downstream factories. Combining these four datasets allows us to trace the flow of 27,807 products through 529 supplier factories and 275 assembly plants. We estimate that increasing the distance between an upstream component factory and a downstream plant by an order of magnitude increases the component鈥檚 expected defect rate by 3.9%. We also find that shorter inter-factory spans are associated with more rapid product quality improvements, and that supply chain distance is more detrimental to quality when automakers: (i) produce early generation models or (ii) high-end products, (iii) when they buy components with more complex configurations, or (iv) when they source from suppliers who invest relatively little in research and development

Patient-centric design of long-term care networks

Authors: Paul听Intrevado,听 Vedat听Verter and Lucie听Tremblay

Publication: Health Care Management Science, Forthcoming

Abstract:

The prediction of oil price turning points with log-periodic power law and multi-population genetic algorithm

Authors: Fangzheng Cheng, Tijun Fan, Dandan Fan and Shanling Li

Publication: Energy Economics, Vol. 72, May 2018

Abstract:

It鈥檚 full speed ahead for the Bensadoun Retail Initiative

Almost one year since the Bensadoun Family Foundation announced the landmark gift to 麻豆AV of $25 million, the proposed Bensadoun School of Retail Management has received official approval from the University as of March.

Shared Mobility for Last-Mile Delivery: Design, Operational Prescriptions and Environmental Impact

Authors: Wei Qi, Lefei Li, Sheng Liu, Zuo-Jun Max Shen

Publication: Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, Vol. 20, No. 4, Fall 2018

Abstract:

Sharing demand-side energy resources - A conceptual design

础耻迟丑辞谤蝉:听Wei Qi, Bo Shen, Hongcai Zhang, Zuo-Jun Max Shen

Publication: Energy, Vol. 135, September 2017

础产蝉迟谤补肠迟:听

1st Fashion Retailing Conference

Organized by the Bensadoun Retail Initiative, this conference will provide a forum for exchange 鈥攆or both professionals and academics鈥� at the newly opened Donald E. Armstrong Building.

Designing Risk-Adjusted Therapy for Patients with Hypertension

Authors: Manaf Zargoush, Mehmet Gumus, Vedat Verter, Stella Daskalopoulou

Journal Name: Production and Operations Management, Forthcoming

Abstract:

Hypertension has not been well studied by operations researchers from a clinical decision support perspective. Moreover, little personalized (i.e. patient-centric) guidance is available regarding the number and combination of antihypertensive medications. To fill this gap, we develop a Markov Decision Process (MDP) to characterize the optimal sequence (and combination) of antihypertensive medications under the standard medication dose. Our model is patient-centric as it takes into account a set of relevant patient characteristics such as age, gender, blood pressure level, smoking habits, diabetes status, and cholesterol level. Based on a set of intuitive assumptions, we prove that our model yields a series of structured optimal policies. Having calibrated our model based on real data and medical literature, we analyze these optimal policies and discuss their insights to the real practice. We also compare the benefits, in terms of quality adjusted life expectancy, QALE, obtained from our results with those obtained from British Hypertension Society (BHS) guideline.

Did Europe Move in the Right Direction on E-Waste Legislation?

Authors: Shumail Mazahir, Vedat Verter, Tamer Boyaci and Luk van Wassenhove

Publication: Production and Operations Management, Forthcoming

Abstract:

This paper presents an analytical framework of the product take back legislation in the context of product reuse. We characterize existing and proposed forms of E-waste legislation and compare their environmental and economic performance. Using stylized models, we analyze an OEM鈥檚 decision about new and remanufactured product quantity in response to the legislative mechanism. We focus on the 2012 waste electrical and electronic equipment directive in Europe, where the policy-makers intended to create additional incentives for the product reuse. Through a comparison to the original 2002 version of the directive, we find that these incentives translate into improved environmental outcomes only for a limited set of products. We also study a proposed policy that advocates a separate target for the product reuse. Our analysis reveals that from an environmental standpoint, the recast version is always dominated either by the original policy or by the one that advocates a separate target for the product reuse. We show that the benefits of a separate reuse target scheme can be fully replicated with the aid of fiscal levers. Our main message is that there cannot be a single best environmental policy that is suitable for all products. Therefore, the consideration of product attributes is essential in identification of the most appropriate policy tool. This can be done either by the implementation of different policies on each product category or by implementation of product based target levels.

Recognizing members of the Desautels community

The Desautels Faculty of Management is delighted to recognize members of its community who have recently received awards of excellence.

Please join me in congratulating them for their continued and inspiring commitment to Desautels and 麻豆AV.

Isabelle Bajeux-Besnainou Dean & Professor of Finance Desautels Faculty of Management

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